Types of Software Licensing

Public Domain Software

Public Domain software is software that "is in the Public Domain." In layman's terms, it has no owner of the intellectual property. Somebody created the program but has no ownership on the program. Public Domain software are allowed to be edited, changed, copied, and distributed with no restrictions. The reason that there is no ownership of the original program is because they have relinquished the copyright of it

Freeware

Freeware software is software that is available with no cost or has an optional "donation" fee. The software can be fully functional for an unlimited time, or have certain restrictions on functionality that can be changed with shareware or a commercially licensed software. Freeware come coupled with one or more restrictions normally. The author or creator of the program will restrict the ability to copy and distribute the software, or reverse engineer and modify the code of the software. In the license, the software may also restrict the use, such as private, public, non-commercial, non-profit, or non-military use. Another way that the Freeware can be restricted is by not allowing use over a server, network, or disallowing use in combination with another program. The Free Software Foundation often has issues with the term "Freeware". 

Open Source

Open Source software is software that comes with permission for anybody to use, copy, distribute with either modifications or as produced. Open Source software is available free of charge to a user. The important distinction about this type of software is that it needs to have the source code available for view. Open source software is very similar to free software, but it has a distinction. Open source software has available less control in the licenses than free software. The video below is an explanation of Open Source software as well. Open Source software has a large number of criterion that it must fill. 

The first is free Redistribution. an Open Source license will not restrict either in part or whole the distribution of the software. As by its name, the product needs to have its source code available. While the source code does not need to be distributed with the product, there needs to be a publicly available area to view and copy the source code. Open source licenses also require for free modification of the original product and allow for distribution of the modification. Open source licenses cannot discriminate against who is able to modify the program. This includes other countries, the government, and certain religions and races. The license may not limit the way that the program, or modification of the program, is used.

Commercial Software

Commercial Software is "payware". In order to access the software some sort of payment is normally required. Commercial software serves a commercial purpose. There are also free Commercial Software programs. There are many different types of Commercial Software including Shareware, Limited License, Unlimited License, and Volume Purchasing.[3] Originally, when computers were still large mainframes that took up an entire room, software was rented with the computer and the source code was given during rental. In 1969, IBM lead the way for the creation of Commercial Software, by not releasing the source code for their programs and charging for both the computer, and the programs that needed to be used on the computer. Commercial software is normally "closed source" and has severe restrictions on using the source code of the program. Reverse engineering is often times considered a crime and comes coupled with a severe fine if discovered.

Shareware

Shareware is often referred to as trialware or demoware. Shareware is software that is distributed for free on a trial basis. The software will have a combination of restrictions based on convenience, functionality and availability. A shareware program can, for example, be free for 10 days but have a large amount of ads or promotions that break up the use of the program.

Limited License (LL)

A Limited License software is only intended for non-commercial use of a program. The software is intended for multiple person use, but limited to a certain number of users at the same time. One example of this is Webroot Anti-Virus with Spyware, which grants either 1, 2, or 3 users a license for a certain amount of time (1, 3, or 5 years). 

Unlimited Site License (USL)

Unlimited Site License agreements is software that has no limit on the number of copies that can be distributed. These types of licenses are available to groups of people at a time, such as universities or government agencies

Volume Purchase Agreement (VPA)

Volume Purchase Agreements are licenses that have no set amount of copies to be distributed. This is meant to be sent to large companies but may have varying amounts of distribution. VPA's are often sold at a reduced price. 

Propietary Sotware VS Free Software

Propietary Software.

Proprietary software is computer software for which the software's publisher or another person retains intellectual property rights—usually copyright of the source code, but sometimes patent rights.

Use of the software

Further information: Copy protection, Damaged good, and Price discrimination

Vendors typically limit the number of computers on which software can be used, and prohibit the user from installing the software on extra computers. Restricted use is sometimes enforced through a technical measure, such asproduct activation, a product key or serial number, a hardware key, or copy protection.

Vendors may also distribute versions that remove particular features, or versions which allow only certain fields of endeavor, such as non-commercial, educational, or non-profit use.

Use restrictions vary by license:

• Windows Vista Starter is restricted to running a maximum of three concurrent applications.
• The retail edition of Microsoft Office Home and Student 2007 is limited to non-commercial use on up to three devices in one household.
• Windows XP can be installed on one computer, and limits the number of network file sharing connections to 10. TheHome Edition disables features present in Windows XP Professional.
• Traditionally Adobe licenses are limited to one user, but allow the user to install a second copy on a home computer or laptop. This is no longer true with the switching to Creative Cloud.
• iWork '09, Apple's productivity suite, is available in a five-user family pack, for use on up to five computers in a household.

Free Software

Free software,is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute the software and any adapted versions. The right to study and modify software entails access to its source code. For computer programs that are covered by copyright law, this is achieved with a software license by which the author grants users the aforementioned freedom. Software that is not covered by copyright law, such as software in the public domain, is free if the source code is in the public domain, or otherwise available without restrictions. Other legal and technical aspects, such as software patentsand digital rights management may restrict users in exercising their rights, and thus prevent software from being free. Free software may be developed collaboratively by volunteer computer programmers or by corporations; as part of a commercial, for-profit activity or not.

Free software is a matter of liberty, not price: users, individually or collectively, are free to do what they want with it, including the freedom to redistribute the software free of charge, or to sell it, or charge for related services such as support or warranty for profit.Free software thus differs from proprietary software, such as Microsoft Office, Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides or iWork from Apple, which users cannot study, change, and share. Free software is also different than freeware, which is a category of freedom-restricting proprietary software that does not require payment for use. Proprietary software, including freeware, use restrictive software licences or EULAs and usually do not provide access to the source code. Users are thus prevented from changing the software, and this results in the user relying on the publisher to provide updates, help, and support. This situation is called vendor lock-in. Users often may not reverse engineer, modify, or redistribute proprietary software.

Habits of effective network segurity.

Habits Of Highly Successful Network Security Programs

The key ingredients to network cybersecurity success and how they improve security results.

A new report out today shows that when IT organizations are segmented by security success factors, the top performers share a number of network security best practices. Conducted by ReRez Research and commissioned by Infoblox, the study highlighted in these findings took a close look at 200 large organizations to see how habits differed among top-tier organizations and everyone else.

Before we take a look at these secret success habits, let's examine what qualifies an organization as a top-tier security organization. The study classed these organizations as twice as likely to have satisfied internal customers from across the line-of-business, including executives. Top-tier organizations are twice as likely to meet SLAs and ten times as likely to remediate security events extremely quickly, and they are much less likely to experience security-related outages or breaches. They are four times as likely to have complete control over their IP addressing. And they're twice as likely to focus on strategic rather than tactical tasks.

Here are some of the reasons why they post those kinds of results:

Make Better Use Of Intelligence

Successful cybersecurity organizations have made a commitment to security intelligence. Compared to lower performers, the best organizations are six times as likely to have deployed a SIEM and four times as likely to invest in machine-readable threat intelligence. They're also six times as likely to use automated tools that alert them to new devices appearing on the network.

Instill Cooperation Between Network, Security, And App Teams

Bottom-tier organizations tend to be more siloed than their counterparts. Cooperation among network operations staff, security staff, and application teams is the name of the game in top-tier organizations, with 100% of them reporting this as a best practice compared to just half of bottom-tier organizations. The high performers are also nine times as likely to use integrated visibility tools and four times as likely to use integrated security tools.

Leverage DNS/DHCP Data

This is a growing differentiator between the security haves and have-nots. Close to half of top-tier organizations use DNS/DHCP data to discover new devices, compared to zero bottom-tier contenders. The best organizations are also three times as likely to use DNS logs for security purposes.

Automate Basic Tasks

Manual processes kill bottom-tier performance and the best orgs recognize that. Almost all top performers have automated routine tasks--including configuration management and compliance tracking. That's three to four times more likely than the average laggard organization.

Invest In Security Staff

This may seem like a no-brainer gimme, but the top-tier organizations are performing well because they're investing in their security staff. These leading orgs are three times less likely to report being understaffed for security and 58% say they have a dedicated incident response team, compared to 33% of the laggards.

Risk of Social Network

Hi people!

Today in my new post I'am going to talk about diferent risks of network,habist of efective network security ,poprietary  of sotware VS  free sotware and types of license. But every content  will be in diferent posts.

1. Okey,Let's start.

Risk of Social Network
The purpose of this document is to list all network security risks and help the reader determine where the greatest threats lie on their network.

• Fraud:

You should consider whatever you post as being accessible to the entire world. If you would not put it on a public bulletin board, then do not post it online. Even if you delete your profile, it can still remain on the Internet.As in any type of fraud, fraudsters will go after the easiest victims first. They will target social networking accounts that are not using the security features available on the site, in the Internet browser or in security and anti-virus software.The easiest way for fraudsters to get access to your information is to send you a “friend request” or something similar Many people assume that only people who know you or have contacts in common would send you a request, and accept it without questioning.Once fraudsters have access to or contro of your profile,they can use this information for identity theft.

• Identity Theft:

Identity (ID) theft is a crime where a thief steals your personal information, such as your full name or social security number, to commit fraud. The identity thief can use your information to fraudulently apply for credit, file taxes, or get medical services. These acts can damage your credit status, and cost you time and money to restore your good name. You may not know that you are the victim of ID theft until you experience a financial consequence (mystery bills, credit collections, denied loans) down the road from actions that the thief has taken with your stolen identity. 

• Loss of privacy :

Most of us are connected to one social network or another. For some, it is a necessity and for many others, a great source of income. Should it then come as a surprise that it is also one of the worst breaches of privacy ever invented? We are ready to unveil information that we would never share in public to an online audience so large that we may not even estimate its size. Participation in social media networks leads to a loss of personal information on a scale not previously thought possible before. Plagued with advertisers stealing user information, these networks restrict on what can't be shared and give anybody the power to report what their friends are doing anytime. Social media has an important impact on society due to the rampant abuse of personal information and the loss of privacy

Whenever a user writes a post, shares a photo or likes a product's page, that user is sending a very large amount of data to everyone who is on his/her friends list, and to many agencies that aren't. These agencies comprise of advertisers, marketing analysts, other social researchers and salesmen. The information obtained can then potentially be shared with any number of advertising, spamming and marketing firms.

While it is not criminal to share user information for the purposes of advertising on their own website, there is always the threat that information would be shared with other less ethical parties. Social networks don't generate enough money to sustain themselves on their own and this is why they have to share their users' information with advertisers, trade of this sort keeps them afloat. It is also important that the users be protected from having their information stolen by third parties.

Mark Zuckergerg, founder of Facebook, argues that the loss of privacy is a social norm that we have acquired recently and that it is only normal for everyone to know everything that others are doing. 

• Access to unsutable content :
  What you think is inappropriate material for your child will probably differ from your child’s view or that of other parents. It will also depend on your child’s age and maturity level. Inappropriate content includes information or images that upset your child, material that’s directed at adults, inaccurate information or information that might lead or tempt your child into unlawful or dangerous behaviour. This could be:

  • pornographic material
  • content containing swearing
  • sites that encourage vandalism, crime, terrorism, racism, eating disorders, even suicide
  • pictures, videos or games which show images of violence or cruelty to other people or animals
  • gambling sites
  • unmoderated chatrooms – where there’s no one supervising the conversation and barring unsuitable comments.

  It can be difficult to monitor what your child is viewing as they can access this material through any internet enabled device, including mobile ones such as a phone or tablet. Sometimes your child may stumble upon unsuitable sites by accident, through apps  they’ve downloaded to their mobile device or through links they’ve been sent by friends, chatting to others online, or even through inter-device communication systems such as Bluetooth or Apple’s AirDrop.
   

• Cyberbullying:

Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes devices and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites.

Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and embarrassing pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles.

Effects of Cyberbullying

Cell phones and computers themselves are not to blame for cyberbullying. Social media sites can be used for positive activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. Whether done in person or through technology, the effects of bullying are similar.

Kids who are cyberbullied are more likely to:

• Experience in-person bullying
• Be unwilling to attend school
• Receive poor grades
• Have lower self-esteem
• Have more health problems